Structural Basis for the Action of an All-Purpose Transcription Anti-termination Factor (Molecular Cell)

The cryo-EM structure of a ?N-dependent transcription anti-termination complex shows how ?N repositions the Nus factors on RNA polymerase, preventing NusA-mediated stabilization of RNA hairpins in the exit tunnel and overriding ?-supporting functions of NusG. The C-terminal region of N traverses the hybrid cavity, stabilizing polymerase in a processive conformation.