Sex Differences in the Blood Transcriptome Identify Robust Changes in Immune Cell Proportions with Aging and Influenza Infection (Cell Reports)

Bongen et al. identify a 144-gene immune sex expression signature (iSEXS) that is differentially expressed in the blood of healthy human males and females. Many of the autosomal-iSEXS genes are driven by sex differences in immune cell proportions and predict antibody responses to influenza infection in males, but not females.