Energies, Vol. 12, Pages 4646: Simultaneous Design of Low-Pass Filter with Impedance Matching Transformer for SONAR Transducer Using Particle Swarm Optimization (Energies)

Sound navigation and ranging (SONAR) systems detect a target in the front direction by using acoustic signals. A switching-type power conversion system is used to improve power efficiency, and an impedance matching circuit is used to decrease reactive power. A low-pass filter is used to improve the quality of acoustic signals. To achieve the desired voltage level for a SONAR transducer, a transformer is connected in series with a low-pass filter. In conventional design methods, design value errors occur because the components are designed independently and later combined. Moreover, if parameters that considerably impact operating characteristics are ignored in the design process, these errors will increase. Hence, time and cost losses are incurred during refabrication because operational characteristics differ from design values. To solve this problem, this study proposes the simultaneous design of a low-pass filter and impedance matching circuit, which includes critical design parameters, utilizing the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Moreover, conventional design methods were examined, and the superiority of the proposed design method to conventional methods was verified through analyses and experiments in terms of overall impedance phase and filter blocking characteristics.