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RSS FeedsMarine Drugs, Vol. 18, Pages 69: Chitooligosaccharides Modulate Glucose-Lipid Metabolism by Suppressing SMYD3 Pathways and Regulating Gut Microflora (Marine Drugs)

 
 

20 january 2020 17:00:03

 
Marine Drugs, Vol. 18, Pages 69: Chitooligosaccharides Modulate Glucose-Lipid Metabolism by Suppressing SMYD3 Pathways and Regulating Gut Microflora (Marine Drugs)
 


Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have a variety of biological activities due to their positively charged amino groups. Studies have shown that COS have antidiabetic effects, but their molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The present study confirmed that COS can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, prevent obesity, and enhance histological changes in the livers of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, treatment with COS can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota in the colon by altering the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. Furthermore, in T2DM mice, treatment with COS can upregulate the cholesterol-degrading enzymes cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) while specifically inhibiting the transcription and expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), the key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Furthermore, using an oleic acid-induced hepatocyte steatosis model, we found that HMGCR can be directly transactivated by SET and MYND domain containing 3 (SMYD3), a transcriptional regulator, via 5′-CCCTCC-3′ element in the promoter. Overexpression of SMYD3 can suppress the inhibitory effect of COS on HMGCR, and COS might regulate HMGCR by inhibiting SMYD3, thereby exerting hypolipidemic functions. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to illustrate that COS mediate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders by regulating gut microbiota and SMYD3-mediated signaling pathways.


 
172 viewsCategory: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology
 
Marine Drugs, Vol. 18, Pages 66: Lipoxygenase Pathways in Diatoms: Occurrence and Correlation with Grazer Toxicity in Four Benthic Species (Marine Drugs)
Marine Drugs, Vol. 18, Pages 68: Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Marine Drugs in 2019 (Marine Drugs)
 
 
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