Energies, Vol. 13, Pages 906: A Method for the Optimization of Daily Activity Chains Including Electric Vehicles (Energies)

The focus of this article is to introduce a method for the optimization of daily activity chains of travelers who use Electric Vehicles (EVs) in an urban environment. An approach has been developed based on activity-based modeling and the Genetic Algorithm (GA) framework to calculate a suitable schedule of activities, taking into account the locations of activities, modes of transport, and the time of attendance to each activity. The priorities of the travelers concerning the spatial and temporal flexibility were considered, as well as the constraints that are related to the limited range of the EVs, the availability of Charging Stations (CS), and the elevation of the road network. In order to model real travel behavior, two charging scenarios were realized. In the first case, the traveler stays in the EV at the CS, and in the second case, the traveler leaves the EV to charge at the CS while conducting another activity at a nearby location. Through a series of tests on synthetic activity chain data, we proved the suitability of the method elaborated for addressing the needs of travelers and being utilized as an optimization method for a modern Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).