Reply from Authors re: Ananya Choudhury, Peter J. Hoskin. Predictive Biomarkers for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: The Search for the Holy Grail Continues. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.01.040 (European Urology)

We thank Drs. Choudhury and Hoskins [1] for their interest in our article [2] and for raising several important issues related to our findings. Identification of predictive biomarkers to guide therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a pressing unmet clinical need, and we believe that our work represents a significant advance in defining the association between the tumor microenvironment and clinical response following trimodal therapy (TMT) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy.