Obese Individuals with and without Type 2 Diabetes Show Different Gut Microbial Functional Capacity and Composition (Cell Host & Microbe)

Co-occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes poses challenges in assessing microbiota changes specific to each condition. By comparing gut microbiomes of lean, obese non-diabetic, and obese type 2 diabetic individuals, Thingholm et al. found that obesity, unlike type 2 diabetes, was associated with microbiome variation. Medications and dietary supplements were further linked to microbiota alterations.