MPK3- and MPK6-Mediated ICE1 Phosphorylation Negatively Regulates ICE1 Stability and Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis (Developmental Cell)

ICE1 is a key regulator of the cold-activated CBF transcription factors in plants. Li et al. show that cold-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate the ICE1 protein to reduce its stability and transcriptional activity, which consequently negatively regulates CBF expression and freezing tolerance in plants.