Energies, Vol. 16, Pages 1492: Optimal Control of a Single-Stage Modular PV-Grid-Driven System Using a Gradient Optimization Algorithm (Energies)

There are many studies that focus on extracting harmonics from both DC and AC sides of grid-interfaced photovoltaic (PV) systems. Based on these studies, the paper introduces an efficient method depending on hybrid DC voltage, and an active and reactive power (DC-V PQ) control scheme in a single-stage three-phase grid-interfaced PV system. The proposed scheme is designed to regulate DC voltage to minimize power loss and energy share between the network reconfiguration and the utility grid. Moreover, the technique is more effective at dealing with uncertainty and has higher reliability under various operating scenarios. These operations are the insertion of linear load 1, nonlinear load, and linear load 2. Moreover, a novel objective function (OF) is developed to improve the dynamic response of the system. OF is coupled with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and a gradient optimization (GBO) algorithm. The analysis and the comparative study prove the superiority of GBO with counterfeits algorithm.